What Is Antony's Opinion Of Lepidus

Antony's Opinion of Lepidus: A Machiavellian Analysis

Shakespeare's Julius Caesar offers a fascinating glimpse into the complex web of political alliances and betrayals that shaped the Roman Republic's final days. While figures like Brutus and Caesar dominate the narrative, the role of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, the third member of the Second Triumvirate alongside Octavian and Mark Antony, is often relegated to the sidelines. However, a close examination of Antony's interactions and pronouncements reveals a nuanced and, ultimately, deeply condescending opinion of Lepidus. This analysis will explore Antony's view of Lepidus, examining the evidence from the play and delving into the historical context to uncover the true nature of their uneasy partnership.

Lepidus: A Tool, Not a Peer

Antony never truly respects Lepidus. From the outset, he views him as a weak, easily manipulated pawn in the larger game of power. This is evident in the very formation of the Triumvirate. Antony, through his masterful manipulation, effectively orchestrates the inclusion of Lepidus, highlighting his lack of political acumen. The famous scene where Antony and Octavian discuss Lepidus demonstrates this clearly:

Antony: He is a very honest man.

Octavian: So is he; a very sufficient man.

Antony: I do not know what power I have more than he has; but his power is greater because of his wife.

Octavian: He loves us not; he wants the gift that we intend him.

Antony: He has a very excellent gift.

Octavian: That's a thing we do ourselves.

Antony: There is something which you shall not see, but when we do come to play, we shall see what he shall do.

This exchange reveals a cynical understanding of Lepidus on Antony’s part. Antony openly acknowledges Lepidus' lack of inherent strength, highlighting his dependence on his wife's connections. He uses seemingly complimentary words like "very honest man" and "sufficient man," but these phrases are dripping with sarcasm, undermining Lepidus's perceived value. The phrase "he loves us not" underscores Lepidus's lack of genuine loyalty, a factor that Antony clearly exploits. Antony knows that Lepidus is motivated solely by self-interest and the promise of power, making him an easily controlled asset. The concluding remark, "what he shall do," foreshadows Antony's manipulative control over Lepidus.

The "Pigmy" in the Power Struggle

Antony’s disdain for Lepidus is further underscored by his use of derogatory language and condescending behavior. While the text doesn't explicitly feature Antony calling Lepidus names, his actions speak volumes. The consistent belittling and manipulation speak to a deeper level of contempt. Lepidus is treated as a mere tool, someone whose opinions are irrelevant and whose contributions are negligible. The power dynamics are stark, with Antony and Octavian making crucial decisions without consulting or involving Lepidus meaningfully. He's consistently relegated to the background, his presence merely serving to legitimize the Triumvirate’s actions. He is, in essence, the "pigmy" in the grand power struggle, easily overlooked and easily controlled.

This is not merely a matter of political strategy; it reflects Antony's profound contempt for Lepidus's character. Antony, a seasoned politician and military commander, recognizes Lepidus's lack of strategic vision and decisiveness. Lepidus's contributions are minimal, and his presence serves primarily as a symbolic representation of a broader Roman consensus, rather than a genuine partnership. Antony and Octavian use him strategically to project an image of unity and legitimize their actions.

A Necessary Evil: Pragmatism over Respect

Despite his disdain, Antony tolerates Lepidus’s presence in the Triumvirate. This is not born out of respect but out of pragmatic political calculation. Lepidus, despite his weaknesses, provides a degree of legitimacy and balance, preventing Antony and Octavian from appearing overtly tyrannical. His inclusion allows them to present a united front, a necessary facade to maintain control over Rome. The Triumvirate's very existence hinges on the precarious balance of power, with Lepidus's presence serving as a vital, albeit fragile, component.

Furthermore, Lepidus’s connections and influence, despite being less significant than Antony’s and Octavian's, still hold some value. His family ties and existing political network, however weak, contribute to the overall power of the Triumvirate, providing some semblance of broader support. Antony exploits this, knowing that even a weak ally can be valuable in solidifying his position.

The Inevitable Fall: A Prophecy Fulfilled

Antony's prediction of Lepidus's ultimate insignificance is ultimately proven correct. The play foreshadows his removal from the Triumvirate, highlighting the inherent instability of their alliance. The scene where Antony and Octavian decide to strip Lepidus of his power is pivotal. Their conversation illustrates the extent to which Antony views Lepidus as dispensable:

Antony: Let him be his own.

Octavian: What do you say?

Antony: Let him stay where he is.

Octavian: I will follow him.

Antony: So do I.

Octavian: He's disposed.

This concise dialogue reveals a ruthless pragmatism. Lepidus's fate is sealed without a moment’s hesitation. His removal is not a consequence of a sudden conflict but a calculated decision, demonstrating the complete lack of regard Antony holds for him. Lepidus is treated as an expendable asset, discarded once he becomes a liability.

Historical Context: A Reflection of Reality

Shakespeare's portrayal of Antony's attitude towards Lepidus is, to a significant extent, reflective of historical accounts. Lepidus, even in historical contexts, is often described as a relatively weak figure, overshadowed by the more powerful and ambitious Antony and Octavian. While he held a position of considerable influence, it was often a position earned through familial connections and opportune political maneuvering, rather than through personal strength or political prowess. Historians generally agree that Lepidus was effectively sidelined and ultimately outmaneuvered by both Antony and Octavian, mirroring Shakespeare’s depiction. This historical accuracy adds another layer of depth to Antony's seemingly callous treatment of Lepidus within the play.

Conclusion: A Masterclass in Machiavellian Politics

Antony's opinion of Lepidus is a compelling study in Machiavellian politics. Antony uses Lepidus, recognizing his weaknesses and manipulating his ambitions to further his own goals. The disdain is never overtly expressed but is consistently demonstrated through actions and dialogue. The treatment of Lepidus serves not only as a plot device but also as a window into Antony's political pragmatism and his ruthless pursuit of power. The eventual removal of Lepidus from the Triumvirate is not a surprising development but rather a logical consequence of Antony’s strategic manipulation and the inherent inequalities in their alliance. Antony's perception of Lepidus is a testament to the cutthroat nature of Roman politics and a masterclass in exploiting the vulnerabilities of others to achieve dominance. It's a reminder that in the quest for power, even seemingly inconsequential figures can play a crucial, if ultimately temporary, role. The story of Antony and Lepidus is not just a historical account but also a cautionary tale of ambition, manipulation, and the fleeting nature of political alliances.